Einsatzgruppe
The term is German, Einsatz means assignment. The Einsatzgruppen were trained special units deployed by SS leader Heinrich Himmler on behalf of Adolf Hitler for mass murders abroad. Their tasks included identifying potential enemies of the German government, which they were then to neutralise. They also occupied important positions and were deployed to prevent acts of sabotage. They recruited operational forces and set up espionage networks. Under the pretext of military necessity in the war, the Einsatzgruppen organised and carried out the executions of more than half a million people in the first nine months, the majority of whom were Jewish.
Genocide
Genocide is an act intentionally committed with the aim of the complete or partial destruction of any national, ethnic, racial or religious group by taking the lives of members of such a group or inflicting severe bodily harm on them, creating living conditions for the group designed for its complete or partial physical destruction, reducing or preventing childbearing in such a group or by forcibly transferring children from one group to another.
Holocaust
The expression “Holocaust” is used for the systematic mass murder of Jews in Europe by National Socialist Germany during the Second World War. According to the dicitionary for Holocaust, the term “holocauston” is Greek and means “burnt offering” what actually does not come close to the murder for it was no religious or cultic action. Many Jews, therefore, reject the term and prefer using the expression “Shoah”.
Holodomor
Also known as the Terror-Famine or the Great Famine. The Holodomor was a man-made famine in Soviet Ukraine from 1932 to 1933 that killed millions of Ukrainians. It was part of the wider Soviet famine of 1930–1933 which affected the major grain-producing areas of the.
Jews
Persons identifying themselves with the Jewish community or as followers of the Jewish religion or culture.
Judenrat
Jewish councils were set up by the nazis within the ghettos and Jewish communities to maintain their national socialist understanding of order and implement German national socialist policies.
Kindertransport
A program which allowed Jewish children to be sent from Germany, Austria, and parts of Czechoslovakia to Great Britain.
Pogrom
An organized, state-sponsored attack against a group of people.
SA
Sturmabteilung or Storm Troopers, the terrorist branch of the Nazi army, was formed in 1923 and used to help secure Hitler’s rise to power.
SS
Schutzstaffel, the German army’s elite guard, organized to serve as Hitler’s personal protectors and to administer the concentration camps.
"Геноцид“, in: Кримінального кодексу України, art. 442, https://kodeksy.com.ua/dictionary/
g/genotsid.htm, last access 20 March 2024.
“Lexikon über den Holocaust”, in: Yad Vashem: The World Holocaust Remembrance Center, https://www.yadvashem.org/de/holocaust/lexicon.html , last access 17 September 2024.
United States Holocaust Memorial Museium, “Енциклопедія Голокосту Режим доступу“, https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/uk, last access 20 March 2024.